Russo-Syrian Cooperation: Syrian Transitional President Ahmed al Shara’s meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin on October 15 indicates that the Syrian government will likely pursue a pragmatic and multi-faceted relationship with Russia.
Iranian Sanctions Subversion: The People’s Republic of China (PRC) continues to receive Iranian oil exports at PRC port terminals despite five rounds of US sanctions that have targeted PRC port terminals and oil refineries for receiving illicit Iranian crude oil.
US Sanctions in Iraq: Iraq’s state-owned Rafidain Bank closed its office within the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) directorate on October 15, likely in reaction to recent US sanctions.
Iran Update, October 15, 2025 (Institute for the Study of War)
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