Turkey’s energy demands are projected to rise significantly in the coming decades, with Turkish officials estimating that over the next thirty years, the country’s electricity needs will increase from 353 to 1,000 terawatt-hours. Similarly, according to a recent report, if the Turkish government’s vehicle fleet projections hold, Turkey’s demand for oil could more than double by 2050. These ever-growing demands have repercussions for Turkey’s economy as much as for its foreign policy. Turkey remains heavily dependent on foreign suppliers for coal, natural gas, and oil. According to the Energy Institute’s Statistical Review of World Energy, in 2024, Turkey produced 34% of its energy from oil, 26% from gas, 26% from coal, 11% from solar and wind, and 4% from hydroelectric power. Since Turkey’s domestic coal production is insufficient to supply its power plants, it imported 26.5 million metric tons of thermal coal in 2024—equivalent to 61% of its total coal consumption.
Coal, Oil, Gas, and Nuclear: Risks in Turkey’s Growing Energy Demands | The Washington Institute
